| Junction, Texas | |
|---|---|
| — City — | |
| Junction City Hall | |
| Nickname(s): Land of Living Waters,[1] Front Porch of the West[2] | |
| Location of Junction, Texas | |
| Coordinates: | |
| Country | United States |
| State | Texas |
| County | Kimble |
| Government | |
| • Mayor | James C. Murr |
| Area | |
| • Total | 2.3 sq mi (5.9 km2) |
| • Land | 2.3 sq mi (5.9 km2) |
| • Water | 0.0 sq mi (0.0 km2) |
| Elevation | 1,703 ft (519 m) |
| Population (2000) | |
| • Total | 2,618 |
| • Density | 1,145.0/sq mi (442.1/km2) |
| Time zone | Central (CST) (UTC-6) |
| • Summer (DST) | CDT (UTC-5) |
| ZIP code | 76849 |
| Area code(s) | 325 |
| FIPS code | 48-38248[3] |
| GNIS feature ID | 1374333[4] |
Junction is a city in and the county seat of Kimble County, Texas, United States.[5] The population was 2,618 at the 2000 census.
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Junction is located at (30.489772, -99.771335)[6], approximately 105 miles (169 km) northwest of San Antonio and 120 miles (190 km) west of Austin in central Kimble County.[2]
According to the United States Census Bureau, the city has a total area of 2.3 square miles (6.0 km2), of which, 2.3 square miles (6.0 km2) of it is land and 0.44% is water.
Junction is named for its location at the confluence of the North and South Llano Rivers.[7]
The community was founded in 1876 after the organization of Kimble County earlier that year.[7] The original town site was named Denman after Marcellus Denman, who had surveyed and platted the new community. The name Denman was quickly changed to Junction City. In late 1876, Junction City won the designation of county seat from the unsuccessful and flood-prone settlement of Kimbleville. By 1879, a drugstore, livery stable, sawmill, and a few general stores were active in the community. Around 300 people were living in Junction City in 1882. The West Texas, Kimble County's first newspaper, began publishing in 1882. The county courthouse and its records were lost to a fire in 1884. A second, two-story brick stone courthouse was partially destroyed in an 1888 fire, but was repaired and remained in use until 1929, when the present courthouse was constructed. In 1894, Junction City became known simply as Junction.[7] Infrastructure improvements marked the decade of the 1890s. Businessman Ernest Holekamp provided the city's first waterworks with a canal dug from the South Llano to Junction in 1895. A dam was built in 1896 on the South Llano River to provide power and water to the city and irrigation to surrounding lands.
The population stood at 536 in 1900. Four Mile Dam, a more permanent and extensive dam, was completed in 1904. Junction continued to rapidly grow with around 800 residents living in the community in 1910. That figure had grown to 1,250 by 1920. By the late 1920s, citizens felt the need for the benefits of a municipal government.[8] On August 27, 1927, H.O. Denman and 152 others presented an incorporation petition to Kimble County Judge J.B. Randolph. In the election, 390 votes were cast: 274 (70%) "For Incorporation" and 116 (30%) "Against Incorporation." A city officers' election took place on October 13, 1927 with Ernest Holekamp elected as Junction's first mayor.[8] During the mid-1920s, highway connections from Junction to Menard and San Angelo were made available. A sewer system was built in 1929. In the 1930 census, the city recorded 1,415 residents. Junction was the chief shipping and commercial center of Kimble County, as well as a tourist resort and hunting center. A new municipal building and fire station were opened in 1939 and 1940, respectively. In the mid-1940s, the cedar-oil business enhanced the economy, but the city's growth slowed.[7] Throughout the latter half of the twentieth century, Junction's population continued to hover around 2,600. A 2007 U.S. Census Bureau estimate placed the population at 2,576, a 1.6 percent decline from the 2000 Census figure of 2,618.[9]
| Historical populations | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Census | Pop. | %± | |
| 1930 | 1,415 |
|
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| 1940 | 2,086 | 47.4% | |
| 1950 | 2,471 | 18.5% | |
| 1960 | 2,441 | −1.2% | |
| 1970 | 2,654 | 8.7% | |
| 1980 | 2,593 | −2.3% | |
| 1990 | 2,654 | 2.4% | |
| 2000 | 2,618 | −1.4% | |
| Est. 2007 | 2,576 | −1.6% | |
As of the census[3] of 2000, there were 2,618 people, 1,028 households, and 699 families residing in the city. The population density was 1,145.0 people per square mile (441.4/km2). There were 1,222 housing units at an average density of 534.5 per square mile (206.0/km2). The racial makeup of the city was 86.13% White, 0.04% African American, 0.38% Native American, 0.69% Asian, 11.12% from other races, and 1.64% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 28.99% of the population.
There were 1,028 households out of which 35.4% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 52.3% were married couples living together, 12.1% had a female householder with no husband present, and 32.0% were non-families. 29.6% of all households were made up of individuals and 16.9% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.50 and the average family size was 3.11.
In the city the population was spread out with 28.2% under the age of 18, 7.3% from 18 to 24, 24.4% from 25 to 44, 22.0% from 45 to 64, and 18.1% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 38 years. For every 100 females there were 85.9 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 82.4 males.
The median income for a household in the city was $25,833, and the median income for a family was $30,865. Males had a median income of $24,096 versus $18,750 for females. The per capita income for the city was $14,971. About 16.4% of families and 21.7% of the population were below the poverty line, including 30.9% of those under age 18 and 16.8% of those age 65 or over.
The city of Junction is a "Type A" General Law Municipality under Texas Law. The local government is headed by an elected Mayor and five-member city council.
There is also an Economic Development Corporation, Tourism Board, and Chamber of Commerce tasked with attracting jobs and visitors to Junction while supporting local business establishments.[10]
Notable highways serving the city include Interstate 10, U.S. Highway 83, and U.S. Highway 377. It is also located a short distance from the U.S. Highway 290 intersection with I-10.[10]
Kimble County Airport consists of a 5,000-foot (1,500 m) paved runway. Commercial service is available from Mathis Field in San Angelo.
Electric power for the city of Junction is provided by AEP/West Texas Utilities, while member-owned Pedernales Electric distributes power to rural Kimble County.
A four-member police force and County Sheriff officer's serve the community. There is also a 30-member Volunteer Fire Department as well as the Kimble County Ranch Fire Association, which has firefighting personnel and equipment. Ambulance and rescue services are also provided.[10]
Public education in the city of Junction is provided by the Junction Independent School District [1]. The district supports an elementary, middle, and high School housed on a single campus at 1700 College Street.
Junction is home to the Texas Tech University Center at Junction, a satellite school of Texas Tech University in Lubbock, Texas. The center is situated on a 410-acre (1.7 km2) campus and offers a broad spectrum of programs in both the undergraduate and graduate disciplines.[10]
Major celebrations in Junction include the Billie Sale and Parade held in August and the annual Kimble Kow Kick, which takes place in September.[7]
The Kimble County Historical Museum contains documents, tools, and other relics from the days of early settlers and military artifacts. The O.C. Fisher Museum, housed in the Kimble County Library, contains an exact duplicate of the Washington office of the long-time Congressman who represented the Junction area.
Junction is home to several parks, including the 507-acre (2.05 km2) South Llano State Park. There are also eight swimming pools, golf and tennis courts, and abundant hotel/motel options due mainly to its location along the heavily-traveled Interstate 10 corridor.[10]
The Fort McKavett State Historic Site is also located near Junction.
While coaching at Texas A&M University, Paul "Bear" Bryant's 10-day summer football camp was held in Junction in 1954. The "Junction Boys" was the nickname given to those who made it through the entire camp. The event was portrayed in an ESPN television film.
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